| Southern Pacific® 
                  coverted this 50 box car with plexi-glass on one side 
                  and standard solid steel on the other. It became known as the 
                  Impact car used for freight protection instruction 
                  - switchmen and trainmen oberved the effect of coupling whne 
                  speeds exceed the safe limit of 4 miles per hour or more. To 
                  demonstrate the impact, loose skids, cartons, or barrels would 
                  be placed inside the car and a handling thermometer 
                  measures the damage, an impact speed indicator (speedometer) 
                  measures the coupling speed. |